Includes bibliographical references.

Contents
Foreword vii
Acknowledgements viii
Executive Summary ix
Acronyms and Abbreviations xi
1: INTRODUCTION 1
Background 1
Brief Description of the Watersheds 3
2: SOIL LOSS AND RUNOFF 9
Background 9
Soil Loss and Runoff Monitoring 10
Farmer’s Perceptions 15
Farm Management 16
Lessons Learned and Recommendations 17
3: WATER SCARCITY 19
Background 19
Water Demand and Supply 20
Management Options 24
Lessons Learned and Recommendations 34
4: WATER QUALITY 37
Background 37
Water Quality Monitoring 37
Water Quality Improvement Options 38
Lessons Learned and Recommendations 40
5: ON FARM 41
How Can Farmers Maintain or Improve Soil Fertility? 41
Leachate Study in the Jhikhu Khola Watershed 44
How to Rehabilitate Degraded Land 45
How Can We Increase Farm Income? 49
What Approaches Can be Used to Build the Capacity of Communities? 51
How to Reduce Workloads, Especially of Women 54
Lessons Learned and Recommendations 56
vi
6: ACCESS 59
Background 59
What are Feasible Local Rules and Practices for Ensuring Equitable
Access to Natural Resources? 59
Access to Institutions and Information 62
Access to Natural Resources 62
Decision-making for Different Activities 66
Lessons Learned and Recommendations 67
7: BIBLIOGRAPHY AND FURTHER READING 69
ANNEXES (on CD-ROM in back pocket)
Annex 1: Rainfall of the Jhikhu and Yarsha Khola Watersheds
Annex 2. Rainfall of the Yarsha Khola Watershed
Annex 3: Description of the Soil Loss and Runoff Plots
Annex 4: Soil Loss, Runoff, and Rainfall in the Jhikhu Khola Watershed
Annex 5. Soil Loss, Runoff, and Rainfall in the Yarsha Kola Watershed
Annex 6. Crop Water Requirement Analysis
Annex 7. Rainfall Analysis
Annex 8: Barabot Spring in Dhotra, Jhikhu Khola Watershed
Annex 9. Roof Rainwater Harvesting Jars
Annex 10. Monitoring of the Water Table in Dug Wells of the Jhikhu Khola
Watershed
Annex 11. Water Balance
Annex 12. PARDYP’s Experience with the System of Rice Intensification
Annex 13. Changing Cropping Patterns
Annex 14. Water Quality Studies
Annex 15. Leachate Study in the Jhikhu Khola Watershed